Potential Health Benefits of Bread Supplemented with Defatted Flaxseeds under Dietary Regimen in Normal and Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

Key Findings:

In diabetes, hyperglycemia has been found to play a key role in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated damage. Free radicals generated in diabetes may lead to several kinds of diabetic complications including nephropathy, neuropathy, cardiopathy and many other diseases.  Supplementation of normal subjects and diabetic patients with defatted flaxseed added to bread together with dietary advice improved plasma lipid profile, reduced plasma glucose and oxidative stress in diabetic patients and has potential protective effect on normal subjects against occurrence of hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. The dietary treatment also produced reduction in BMI.

ABSTRACT:

Flaxseed is a rich source of dietary fibers and lignans. Uncontrolled diabetes may induce complication represented by dyslipidemia, high oxidative stress and kidney dysfunction. In the present research the beneficial effect of two months consumption of bread supplemented with defatted flaxseeds (DFB) together with dietary regimen was evaluated in normal and type 2 diabetic patients. Protective effect towards diabetic complications was studied through evaluation of plasma lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, liver and kidney function. The nutritional status of normal and diabetic patients was evaluated through assessing body mass index and nutrients’ intake. Results showed reduction of body mass index in both normal and diabetic patients after nutritional intervention. Analysis of mean dietary intake of normal and diabetic patients in the beginning of the study revealed that all subjects were hyper-caloric that reduced to be 79% and 84% from RDA, respectively after treatment. After two months of supplementation with DFB, diabetic patients showed significant reduction of plasma glucose. Both diabetic patients and normal subjects showed significant improvement in plasma lipid profile and significant reduction of lipid peroxidation. Consumption of DFB in addition of dietary regimen may be helpful in preventing diabetes and its complications.