Key Findings:
The research that has been conducted on the role of lignans in the reduction of the risk of developing chronic disease, particularly cancer to-date (1998) is reviewed. Several epidemiological studies suggest that phytoestrogens, including lignans, may have a protective effect against cancer, particularly hormone-related cancers such as those of the breast and prostate. Flaxseed is the richest source of lignans, with values more than 100 times higher than those of the other foods. The weak oestrogenic/antioestrogenic, as well as anti-oxidant properties of lignans seen in vitro may be involved in the anti-cancer effects of lignans, but in vivo data to support this are limited (in 1998). This review however has stimulated great interest and study of the anti-cancer effects of flaxseed lignans in a number of types of cancer.
ABSTRACT:
Mammalian lignans are produced from plant precursors such as secoisolariciresinol diglycoside (SDG) and matairesinol via the action of bacteria in the human or animal colon. While precursors are found in many plant foods, flaxseed is the richest source of SDG and was therefore used as a model to determine the anti-cancer effects of lignans. This paper reviews the experimental studies in animals and humans demonstrating the anti-cancer effects of flaxseed and its SDG as well as other studies relevant to the clinical use of lignans, such as those on their food sources, bio-availability and safety. (Author’s Abstract)
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